Untreated Wastewater Practices

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Restored Species: Benthic communities in Adventfjorden

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Main Stressor: Human presence and tourism

Practices for Untreated Wastewater

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Assessment Phase

Characterize the system

  • Evaluate the current wastewater treatment and discharge system, identifying treatment gaps, overflow risks, and compliance with relevant water-quality standards

Baseline environment

  • Compile and analyze existing ecological data (e.g., benthic community mapping, previous water/sediment quality surveys, hydrodynamic information)

Risk screening

  • Assess potential human health and ecosystem risks associated with untreated/partially treated discharges (e.g., microbial contamination, eutrophication)

Reference conditions

  • Identify control or background sites to establish benchmarks for comparison

Stakeholder mapping

  • Identify all relevant actors (municipality, operators, tourism sector, NGOs, residents) and their interests in relation to the issue
Tekniske anlegg Longyearbyen
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Planning and Design Phase

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Set clear, measurable environmental and social outcomes

  • pollutant reduction targets
  • awareness/behavior change indicators

Conceptual model

  • Develop a stressor-pathway-receptor framework linking wastewater discharge to ecological and social outcomes.

Study design

  • Select transect sites from the outfall toward the fjord outlet and at off-plume reference areas
  • Determine sampling frequency and replicates

Choose key parameters for wastewater, seawater, and sediments

  • Examples: nutrients, organic load, pathogens, benthic health

Apply community-based social marketing principles

  • Identify target behaviors, barriers, benefits, and communication channels

Permitting and ethics

  • Secure required approvals for environmental sampling, data management, and survey/interview activities
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Implementation Phase

Co-development

  • Work with stakeholders to co-design both technical (sampling, monitoring, data collection) and non-technical (campaign, outreach) solutions

Field program

  • Carry out systematic water, sediment, and wastewater sampling according to the agreed plan, ensuring quality assurance and quality control

Awareness campaign rollout

  • Deliver tailored communication activities (digital platforms, QR codes, signage, community events) with pre-tested messages

Capacity building

  • Provide training sessions for local partners on sampling methods, data interpretation, and campaign facilitation

Documentation

  • Record procedures, decisions, and deviations to support transparency and learning
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Monitoring and Evaluation Phase

Environmental monitoring

  • Analyze physical, chemical, and biological parameters in wastewater, seawater, and sediments
  • Compare to baseline and reference conditions

Social monitoring

  • Conduct stakeholder interviews and/or surveys to measure changes in awareness, attitudes, and disposal behaviors

Campaign evaluation

  • Track reach and effectiveness of awareness activities
  • Examples: QR-scan rates, recall tests, engagement metrics

Adaptive management

  • Review data regularly with stakeholders; adjust methods or messages if targets are not being met

Reporting

  • Share findings with project partners, governance authorities, and communities in accessible formats
fjord
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Stakeholder Engagement

Knowledge exchange

  • Build awareness and capacity among community members, tourism operators, and local authorities on pollution risks and solutions

Participatory governance

  • Create a dialogue forum with municipal and regulatory actors to co-develop practical, feasible interventions

Transparency

  • Hold regular meetings to update stakeholders, discuss results, and enable joint decision-making

Public awareness

  • Maintain a visible campaign to increase community understanding of how individual actions (e.g., flushing practices) affect the fjord ecosystem

Sustainability

  • Identify pathways for integrating campaign tools into ongoing municipal or tourism-sector platforms beyond the project lifetime
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Useful Contacts

Michael Waak

michael.waak-sintef.no

SINTEF

Herman Helness

herman.helness-sintef.no

SINTEF

Anne Bødal

anne.bodal-sintef.no

SINTEF